INDICATORS
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Non discrimination
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Constitutional article 18. Right to equality: (1) All citizens shall be equal before law. No person shall be denied the equal protection of law.
(2) There shall be no discrimination in the application of general laws on the grounds of origin, religion, race, caste, tribe, sex, physical conditions, disability, health condition, matrimonial status, pregnancy, economic condition, language or geographical region, or ideology or any other such grounds.
(3) The state shall not discriminate among citizens on grounds of origin, religion, race, caste, tribe, sex, physical condition, disability, health conditions, matrimonial status, pregnancy, economic condition, language or geographical region, ideology and such other matters. Provided that nothing shall be deemed to prevent the making of special provisions by law for the protection, empowerment or advancement of the women lagging behind socially and culturally, Dalits, Adibasi (indigenous groups), Madhesi, Tharus, Muslims, oppressed class, backward communities, minorities, marginalized groups, peasants, labourers, youths, children, senior citizens, sexual minorities, persons with disability, incapacitated and the helpless persons, and of the citizens who belong to backward regions and financially deprived citizens including the khas arya.
24. Rights against untouchability and discrimination: (1) No person shall be treated with any kind of untouchability or discrimination in any private or public place on grounds of caste, ethnicity, origin, community, occupation, or physical condition.
(2) No person belonging to a particular caste or ethnicity shall be prevented from buying an object or getting services or facilities in the process of production of such objects or in the distribution or delivery of services, or no such objects shall be sold to, or facilities or services distributed or delivered to persons belonging to a particular caste or ethnicity only.
(3) Racial discriminations shall not be encouraged in any way, or there shall not be any behavioral attitude to exhibit high or low status on grounds of a particular caste, ethnicity or community, or physical condition of a person, or there shall not be any behavioral attitude that justifies social discrimination based on caste, ethnicity, or untouchability, or encouragement for the propagation of attitudes based on caste superiority and untouchability, or hatred.
(4) There shall not be any racial discrimination in the workplace by indulging or not indulging in untouchability.
(5) All forms of untouchability or discrimination contrary to this provision shall be punishable by law as a serious social crime, and the victim of such an act shall have the right to compensation as provided for by law.
25. Right to property: (1) Every citizen shall, subject to laws, have the right to acquire, enjoy own, sell, have professional gains, and otherwise utilize, or dispose of property. Explanation: For the purpose of this Article, “property” means all type of movable and immovable property and the word also includes intellectual property.
(2) The State shall not, except in the public interest, acquire, requisition, or create any encumbrance on the property of any person.Provided that this sub-clause shall not be applicable to property acquired through illegal means.
(3) In the case when the land of a person is acquisitioned by the State according to sub-clause (2), the basis of compensation and the relevant procedure shall be as prescribed by Act.
(4) The provisions of clauses (2) and (3) shall not obstruct the state in carrying out land reforms, management and regulation by law in order to increase the production and productivity of land, modernize the agriculture and make it professional, environment protection and managed housing and urban development.
42. Right to social justice: (1) Socially backward women, Dalits, Adibasi, Janjati, Khas Arya, Madhesi, Tharu, minority groups, persons with disability, marginalized groups, Muslim, backward classes, gender and sexually minority groups, youths, peasants, labourers, the oppressed and the citizens of backward regions, shall have the right to employment in state structures and public service on the basis of the principle of inclusion.
(2) Citizens who are economically very poor and communities on the verge of extinction, shall have the right to special opportunity and facilities in the areas of education, health, housing, employment, food and social security, for their protection, progress, empowerment and development.
(3) People with physical impairment shall have the right to a dignified way of life and equal access to social services and facilities, along with their diversity identity. (4) Each peasant shall have the right to access to land as provided for in law for agricultural purposes, along with the right to choose and preserve traditionally adopted and used endemic seeds and agricultural species.
253. Functions, duties and powers of the National Women Commission: (1) Functions, duties and powers of the Federal Women Commission shall be as follows:- (a) To formulate policies and programs regarding women welfare for the Government of Nepal and forward them to the Government for implementation,
(b) To review whether or not statutes related to women‟s welfare are executed, and whether the international covenant signed by Nepal, as a signatory, has been executed, and to forward a recommendation to the Government of Nepal in case they are found not to have been executed,
256. Functions, duties and powers of National Dalit Commission: (1) Functions, duties and powers of National Dalit Commission shall be as follows:- (a) To carry out research and studies regarding Dalit community of Nepal so as to identify legal and institutional reforms to be made and make a recommendation to the Government of Nepal,
(b) To formulate national policies and programs in matters related with ending caste discrimination, untouchability, suppression and to enhance Dalit‟s status and development, and to forward a recommendation to the Government of Nepal for implementation,
259. Functions, duties and powers of National Inclusion Commission: (1) Functions, duties and powers of National Inclusion Commission shall be as follows:- (a) To carry out research and studies for protecting rights and welfare of indigenous communities, Khash Arya, Madhesi, Tharu, Muslim, backward class, persons with disability, senior citizens, laborers, peasants, marginalized and minority communities, people of Karnali region and economically disadvantaged people,
(b) To review the policies of the Government of Nepal for inclusion of the persons as mentioned in sub-clause (a) above and their implementation, and to forward necessary recommendation to the government for reform,[1]
[1] Draft Constitution of Nepal. http://www.inseconline.org/linkedfile/Bill%20Of%20Constitution%202015%20...
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Outcomes
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37%
Poorest Quintile- 55%
Richest Quintile- 15%
Urban- 24%
Rural- 39%
37%
Poorest Quintile- 55%
Richest Quintile- 15%
Urban- 24%
Rural- 39%
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37%
Poorest Quintile- 55%
Richest Quintile- 15%
Urban- 24%
Rural- 39%
37%
Poorest Quintile- 55%
Richest Quintile- 15%
Urban- 24%
Rural- 39%
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5.2/10 (95/129)
5.2/10 (95/129)
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5.2/10 (95/129)
5.2/10 (95/129)
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81.38%
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Married by 15: 10%
Married by 18: 37%
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People’s Sovereignty over natural resources
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Farmers are free to exchange, gift and utilize their own seeds and a few varieties of privatized seeds.
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Certain varieties of seeds are restricted in terms of their distribution, usage and reusage
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Fungicides and Bactericides: 163.89 tonnes (2012)
Herbicides: 100. 83 tonnes
Insecticides: 138.76 tonnes
There has been an increase and upward trend in the usage of all three varieties.
Fungicides and Bactericides: 163.89 tonnes (2012)
Herbicides: 100. 83 tonnes
Insecticides: 138.76 tonnes
There has been an increase and upward trend in the usage of all three varieties.
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Fungicides and Bactericides: 163.89 tonnes (2012)
Herbicides: 100. 83 tonnes
Insecticides: 138.76 tonnes
There has been an increase and upward trend in the usage of all three varieties.
Fungicides and Bactericides: 163.89 tonnes (2012)
Herbicides: 100. 83 tonnes
Insecticides: 138.76 tonnes
There has been an increase and upward trend in the usage of all three varieties.
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Political Participation for the Right to Food
Participation is one of the fundamental human rights principles, requiring that everyone has the right to participate in making decisions that affect them. In order to ensure that those most affected by violations to the right to food and nutrition participate in political processes, it is essential to have the legal and policy infrastructure within national frameworks, as well as the participatory spaces that give meaningful space for participation.
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National Food Security Policy
Is there a national food security policy with implementation/action? Read moreNO.
There are a combination of various overlapping plans and policies that ensure that the population is covered.
Three Year Interim Plan FY2014-FY2016
Thirteenth national plan has provision to improve life standard of people through sustainable agriculture development. It talks about commercialization and competent agriculture system development. Insuring food sovereignty of people and strength all aspect of food or nutrition security is long-term goal of the planning. To achieving this goal, it has provision to provide seed money or soft lone to farmers with required skill or capacity building training. It also says about providing of seed money, training and technology management for special community for Modernized and commercialized traditional profession and skill. Safe, environment friendly and earthquake resistant house construction and distribution to the weaker section of the society is also one policy of the planning. The plan has program to build houses for Dalits, poor and marginalized groups under people housing program (Janata Aabash Program). Under the land measurement program, it says land survey will conducted on omitted land and distributed ownership certificate to occupancy. Free school education up to 12 class to all Dalit children and food for education program on 29 districts are other highlights of 13th national planning.
Agricultural Development Policies
Government has developed different policy to achieve food security and some of them are:
• Agriculture Perspective Plan (1995-2015)
• Implementation of APP Support Programme ( 2003-2008)
• National Agriculture Policy (2004)
• National Water Plan (2005)
• Forestry Master Plan
• National Transport Master Plan
• Agribusiness Promotion Policy (2006)
• Milk Development Policy (2007)
• Agriculture Biodiversity Policy (2007)
Agriculture Perspective Plan (APP - 1995 – 2015) APP is a visionary document for overall economic growth and poverty reduction. Government incorporated APP in all subsequent strategy, planning and policy documents and adopted several important reforms in the agricultural sector. The strategy is to achieve broad based economic development and poverty reduction through accelerated growth of agriculture and non-agriculture sector through multiplier effects. APP identified four priority inputs and four outputs. Multi agency coordination and prioritized productivity package strategy is the key for successful implementation. Furthermore, Agriculture Perspective Plan Support Programme (APPSP) was implemented (2002 – 2009), with funding support from DFID, it shows government is committed for agricultural growth and donors are supporting to government.
Food and Nutrition Security Plan (2013)
Plan was issued with five main objectives:
1. Increase the country's self-reliance for basic foodstuffs,
2. Improve the overall nutritional situation,
3. Enhance standards and safety of foodstuffs which are available in markets,
4. Enhance capacity for managing food insecurity that arise from emergency conditions, and
5. Improve food access for food people and groups prone to food insecurity.
Disaster Risk Management Policy
Government has formulated and adopted Natural Calamity (Relief) Act 1982 (MoHA, 1982) focusing to relief. But this Act could not address the emerging challenges and issues of 21 disaster and development. According to the 1982 Act, there is provision of distribution of emergency relief materials like food, cooking utensil, shelter, medicine and other necessary material. Free treatment to the injured person and Rs 1000 as transportation support. Cash assistance of Rs 25,000 per families in case of deceased, Rs 10,000 for completely displaced and Rs 5000 per family as immediate relief to those who have lost house or land or food. Ministry of Home Affairs (MoHA) is National focal point for Disaster relief and District Administration Office is executing agency. Nepal Red Cross Society is active during the disaster rescue and relief activities.
The public food distribution: The public food distribution system is not universal as it is implemented in 19 hill and mountain districts of the Mid- and Far-Western development region of Nepal. The beneficiaries of the project are crop farmers (estimated direct beneficiaries 50,000), livestock farmers (32,500), women engaged in household/kitchen-garden production (35,000), and households with pregnant and nursing (with children 6-24 months) women (45,000). The MoAD is the executing ministry which implements the project activities through its district level offices (DLSO and DADO) under DLS and DoA and works closely with the MoHP to implement the project. Nothing more is not known about this project at this stage. http://www.foodandenvironment.com/2013/10/agriculture-and-food-security-project.html)
School Meal
There is small programme of school meal, implemented by WFP together with the Ministry of Education. The objective of this programme is twofold. In the short term, the programme aims to keep children in school as well as to enhance their attention through provision of a nutritious school meal. In the long term, the programme aims to break the cycle of hunger by promoting education, in particular of the women. In 2013, up to 330,000 children benefited from the programme (source: https://www.wfp.org/countries/nepal)
Infant and Young Child Feeding
Infant and young child feeding programme is also introduced in Nepal. It is the Nepal Government in collaboration with WFP has implemented this programme. The primary objective of the WFP’s nutrition activities would include prevention of malnutrition among children between 6-23 months, pregnant and lactating women through WFP’s Mother-and-Child-Health and Nutrition Programme. Now Government of Nepal provides only 3 KG fbf to the beneficiaries of the programme. In one estimate, the programme could bring yearly under its fold as many as 110,000 mothers and children (source: https://www.wfp.org/countries/nepal).
Children under Five Years
Now we turn our focus to the social security programme that is designed to protect/assist the children below the age of 5. The scheme to support the children below 5 years of age is part of the State's cash transfer program and is connected with "Social Security Operation Procedure-2069 (2012)". This is a targeted programme that is operational in both rural and urban areas. The entitlement is given to improve the level of nutrition of the children of targeted group. The benefit of the programme is to reach two children from each poor Dalit family across the country and two children from each family of Karnali Zone. Entitlement is made in cash through banking transfer on a trimester basis. Every recipient receives an amount of NRs 200 in a month to assist increasing the level of nutrition among the children of the Dalit and Karnali region family.
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Existence of multiactor governing or decision making bodies for food policy at national, subnational and/or local level with diverse participation of civil society organizations
Read moreNo. Apart from the usual institutions set up by the government at the central and local levels of administration.
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